Capítulo 5. Desacoplamiento entre actividades productivas y emisiones contaminantes al aire en México, 2003-2022
Synopsis
This chapter estimates and interprets a decoupling index to assess whether Mexico’s productive activity has become less emissions-intensive over 2003–2022. Using INEGI’s economic–ecological accounts and the national greenhouse-gas inventory, it builds time series for GDP, air-emission indicators, and environmental depletion and degradation costs (CTADA), then applies the Tapio elasticity approach to classify annual decoupling regimes. The evidence indicates predominant weak positive decoupling—emissions grow, but more slowly than GDP—with occasional strong positive decoupling and an anomalous recessionary decoupling in 2020 linked to COVID-19 restrictions. The chapter concludes that environmental pressures have moderated but require reinforced, sector-targeted policies.
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