Utilization of Zooplankton in Environmental Risk Assessment in Mexico
Synopsis
This brief review focuses on the use of zooplankton as a key indicator to evaluate environmental risk in the aquatic ecosystems of Mexico. It explores some ecotoxicological studies that assess the impacts of toxic agents on individual and population levels. The role of zooplankton in food webs, susceptibility to environmental changes, and significance as an indicator of both direct and indirect pollution effects are emphasized. The study underscores the crucial role of ecotoxicological tests in preventing environmental damage, guiding decision-making, and managing ecosystems. Special attention is given to the ecotoxicology of rotifers, cladocerans, and copepods, providing insights into cultivation protocols, their relevance in ecotoxicology, and key species used in Mexico. It further explores testing methodologies, advantages, and the range of pollutants assessed. The review also examines the geographical distribution of zooplankton research in Mexico, underlining the necessity to broaden investigations to diverse aquatic systems. Challenges, such as the importance of including native species in toxicity studies and the development of specific protocols for freshwater copepods, are addressed.
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