Limnological Variations of a Tropical Semi-arid River Dam System, Central México
Synopsis
This study focused on the basic limnological variations of the Tula River-Zimapán dam under different climatic conditions (rains, post-rains, and dry cold). The sampling included three river sites and seven sampling sites in the reservoir. These included dam sites, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, water column profiles, nitrogen, and total phosphorus of composite samples from a 0.3-3 m layer. In the river, the same parameters are at 20 cm in depth. Physicochemical and nutrient spatial variations showed that the three riparian sites are a separate group from the reservoir sites as a response to different temperatures, oxygen, transparency, total dissolved solids, and nutrients; similarly, well-defined zones of the reservoir in June and February: riparian, transitional, and lacustrine. The temperature variation in each site water column was low; however, dissolved oxygen significantly varied in June and October. In surface water in June with initial rains, physical and chemical data peaked; in May and February, oxygen >4 mg/l, suitable for fi sh production, but not convenient in November because of frequent hypoxia conditions. Total nitrogen and phosphorous on the Tula River had values above 14 mg/l in the entrance of wastewater, decreasing in the remaining river sites with spring waters nearby; in the reservoir, values were high for phosphorous and lower for nitrogen.
The limnological conditions of the river dam system respond to the permanent entry of
wastewater with organic matter, dissolved oxygen producers-consumers, and the potential
nutrient loads generated by anthropogenic activities in the drainage basin and the reservoir
surroundings.
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